Ephesus is more than just ruins — it’s one of the most impressive and best-preserved ancient cities in the world. Once a thriving Roman metropolis and home to the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, Ephesus offers a rare glimpse into life over 2,000 years ago. In this 2025 guide, we’ll cover everything you need to know before visiting: the must-see landmarks, historical significance, travel tips, and how to make the most of your time in this archaeological wonder.
🏛️ A Brief History of Ephesus
Ephesus dates back to the 10th century BC, founded by Ionian Greeks. Over the centuries, it became a major trade and religious center under the rule of various empires:
🏺 Hellenistic Period
- Founded around 1000 BC by Androklos, son of the Athenian king Kodros.
- Ephesus flourished under the rule of the Kingdom of Lydia and later the Persians.
🏛️ Roman Period
- Became the capital of Asia Minor under Roman rule.
- Population reached over 250,000, making it one of the largest cities of the Roman Empire.
- The Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, was located here.
✝️ Byzantine and Later Periods
- Ephesus became an important Christian center; Apostle Paul preached here.
- Gradual decline due to earthquakes, silting of the harbor, and Arab invasions.
- Abandoned by the 15th century.
🏟️ Top Attractions in Ephesus
1. Library of Celsus
- Built in 135 AD as a memorial to Tiberius Julius Celsus.
- Once held over 12,000 scrolls.
- A masterpiece of Roman architecture and the most iconic structure in Ephesus.
2. Great Theatre
- Capacity of 25,000 spectators.
- Used for concerts, plays, and gladiator battles.
- Still hosts occasional performances today.
3. Temple of Artemis
- Only one column remains today, but it was once one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
- Built around 550 BC.
4. Terrace Houses (The Rich People’s Homes)
- Lavishly decorated with mosaics and frescoes.
- Offer a glimpse into the luxurious lifestyle of wealthy Ephesians.
5. Marble Road & Curetes Street
- Main arteries of the city, lined with statues, shops, and fountains.
6. Basilica of St. John (nearby)
- Believed to be the burial site of John the Apostle.
🕒 Visiting Information
🧭 Location:
- Selçuk, İzmir Province, Western Türkiye.
🕘 Opening Hours (as of 2025):
- Summer: 08:00 – 19:00
- Winter: 08:00 – 17:00
💵 Entrance Fees:
- Ephesus main site: approx. 20 USD
- Terrace Houses (optional): extra 10 USD
- Museum of Ephesus (in Selçuk town): 7 USD
🎫 Tip: Consider getting a Museum Pass Türkiye for multi-site access.
🚗 How to Get There
✈️ By Air:
- Nearest airport: İzmir Adnan Menderes Airport (ADB), ~60 km away.
🚆 By Train:
- Trains run between İzmir (Basmane) and Selçuk regularly.
🚗 By Car:
- Drive from İzmir takes about 1 hour.
- Parking available near the lower and upper gates.
🚌 By Bus:
- Minibuses (dolmuş) from Kuşadası and İzmir run frequently to Selçuk.
🍽️ Where to Eat Nearby
- Ejder Restaurant (Selçuk): Traditional Turkish kebabs & mezes.
- Agora Restaurant: Great for lunch with Ephesus views.
- Selçuk Pidecisi: Budget-friendly, local flavors.
🏨 Accommodation Options
🏡 Budget:
- Boomerang Guesthouse
- Ephesus Hostel
🏨 Mid-Range:
- Urkmez Hotel
- Ayasoluk Hotel
🏰 Luxury:
- Cella Boutique Hotel & Spa
- Ephesus Palace
🧭 Travel Tips
- Wear comfortable shoes — you’ll be walking on ancient, uneven marble.
- Bring sunscreen and water, especially in summer.
- Visit early in the morning or late afternoon to avoid crowds and heat.
- Consider hiring a licensed guide for deeper historical context.
- Don’t miss the Museum of Ephesus in Selçuk for artifacts from the site.
📸 Photography & Accessibility
- Photography is allowed (no flash inside certain sections).
- Wheelchair access is limited due to uneven terrain.
- Drones may require permission from local authorities.
🧳 Conclusion
Ephesus is not just ruins — it’s a window into ancient civilization, culture, and religious history. Whether you’re a history buff, a cultural traveler, or just someone seeking awe-inspiring sights, Ephesus will leave you speechless. Add it to your Türkiye itinerary and experience history that still breathes.
